Target-language culture in efl materials pdf file

The purpose of this study was to understand the role of teaching materials in an efl classroom and to identify the students reactions towards their implementation. Theoretical views on culture culture involves deep culture, not only surface culture the efl field has generally focused on teaching elements of surface culture, that is, the easily observable hinkel, 2001 and static elements that represent a nation. Efl students to travel and live in target language country. Even longtime masters of the craft concede that target language instruction demands careful planning of lessons and materials, along with highenergy execution. Cem alptekin, associate professor of applied linguistics at bogazici university istanbul, publishes internationally in the areas of second language learning and teaching, neurolinguistics, and contrastive rhetoric. Two texts of culture grams that can be manipulated as learning.

Pecos bill tall tales by a teachable year teachers pay. Targetlanguage culture in efl materials researchgate. Culture has been neglected or being treated as a supplementary topic in fl teaching. Targetlanguage culture in efl materials elt journal. Utilising qualitative data collection methods, the responses and scholastic history of the student provide insights into his personal qualities and aptitudes as a nativelike speaker of english as proven by cepa scores and. Nevertheless, what becomes evident from this study is that learners are in need of explicit pragmatic instruction when it comes to writing emails to authority figures. Third, the students practiced using the course books interactive cd, and submitted a pdf file with the exercises from each unit. Principles of materials development 1 make sure that the materials contain a lot of spoken and written texts which provide extensive download materialsdevelopmentinlanguageteaching or read materialsdevelopmentinlanguageteaching online books in pdf, epub and mobi format. Sociocultural factors and teaching a foreign language by nader assadi aidinlou and davoud ansari kejal islamic azad university, ahar branch abstract teaching a new language to learners has several bases and considering the culture of the target language is one of them. Teaching materials and the roles of eflesl teachers.

Targetlanguage culture in efl materials free download as pdf file. The phenomenon of english is the the most spoken language in the world is undeniable. Authentic materials using authentic sources from the native speech community helps to engage students in. An effective way for students to learn about the target language and culture is to send them. The quantitative data were obtained through a questionnaire, and the. To illustrate, the cultural content of an efl textbook for turkey, spotlight on.

Codeswitching can be an effective teaching strategy when it is used deliberately to further the students tl proficiency by using l1 as a reference point and to help construct knowledge in the tl coste, 1997. Kramsch 1998 describes language as a principal means. In this lesson, the students talk about their homes, they read a text about customs regarding covering windows, and then they talk about and write an article about how national customs affect home design. Teachers and undergraduate students attitudes toward. How to present the target language heads up english. Developing cultural awareness in efl classrooms at secondary. Similar to the current situation in most, if not all, efl contexts, in turkey, too, target language culture is often omitted in the textbooks. This requires the language patterns being put into practice in real life situations. Example in a ppp lesson, the teacher first presents the target language, learners practise it, and then there is a production stage where the target language is used in a freer activity. The actual relationship between the two cannot be separated, because a language serves a particular culture and through the language the cultural values of a people are reflected. Individual and focus group interviews were data sources for the study.

Efl instructors about integrating target culture in their classroom. All of the participants think that the current textbook they use definitely includes examples mainly from the target language culture which may indispensably pose a risk of stereotyping. Language and culture in foreign language teaching university of. Mckay identifies three types of cultural materials. Targetlanguage culture in efl materials cem alptekin oxford. A range of factors have been attributed to this deviation, including transfer from the native language, insufficient knowledge of the target language and its communicative practices, lack of opportunities to in.

Many texts addressing cultural content are limited to offering overt, tourist culture or teaching abstract and irrelevant facts which are often presented with bias and consequently do. A critical analysis of cultural content in efl materials core. Kurikulum tingkat satuan pendidikan jenjang pendidikan dasar dan menengah. Culture in teaching efl in saudi arabia from learners. Integrating target language culture into teachinglearning efl. Additionally, it is beyond this document to discuss how basic. A critical analysis of cultural content in efl materials 8 with members of specific target cultures. Integrating target language culture into teachinglearning efl an important aspect of learning a language is to learn the culture of the language.

For this reason, foreign language teaching materials which make use of targetlanguage culture elements to present the systemic data are likely to interfere with. May 15, 2015 the target language culturethe target languages culturethe target languages. He may lecture for a minute or two as students listen and take notes. Kilickaya authentic materials and cultural content in efl. An analysis of textbooks from a cultural point of view. This means that a majority of teachers continue to believe that efl classrooms should enhance students understanding of their own cultural identity. The importance of teaching culture in the foreign language. But overuse of cultural material in the language classrooms will constitute problems not for students but also for the teachers and decrease the motivation. Since learning about a culture is not accepting it and the role of the culture in the materials is just to create learner interest towards the target language, there should be a variety of culture in the materials, not a specific one.

Teaching methods and materials language and culture. Culture in teaching efl in saudi arabia from learners perspective this paper aims to study the attitude of saudi arabian undergraduate english students towards the american and british culture by studying their attitude to materials with relevant cultural contents in their textbooks. The effect of using authentic materials in teaching. Brown 2001, 116 says that it is useful to consider the. The uptodate information carried by authentic materials is invaluable for learners to develop an understanding of the target language culture. In addition, he would provide a similar lecture if he were to teach grammar, a thematic set of vocabulary words, a skill such as how to skim or how to scan, and so on. It is, however, beyond this document to discuss how culture or cultural segments affect and shape teachers beliefs and, vice versa, how ones. To some extent the content serves as a window into learning about the target language culture. Language and culture in foreign language teaching chialin hsin newcastle university 1. Principles and procedures of materials development for language learning brian tomlinson this paper takes the position that language learning materials should ideally be driven by learning and teaching principles rather than developed ad hoc or in imitation of best selling coursebooks. The issue of imperialism appeared to be blown away and was replaced by a huge awareness of mastering the language for better prestige.

The effect of using authentic materials in teaching rashid hamed al azri, majid hilal alrashdi abstract authentic materials are among the most important tools a teacher can and must use in class in order to make hisher teaching go smoothly and be effective in transmitting the. Sociocultural factors and teaching a foreign language. A sample of eighty n80 efl instructors working at state and private university language preparatory programs in turkey participated in this study. This is more the case for those learners who are planning on moving to the target language culture for educational, professional, or personal reasons. Targetlanguage culture in efl materials elt journal oxford. Impact of the target culture on foreign language learning. How to present the target language heads up english esl. Introduction this discussion deals with language and culture as foreign language fl curricular contents in an englishasaforeignlanguage efl situation. She also claims that this is due to linguistic intricacies of the target language, especially lexical and semantic barriers, unfamiliarity with or remoteness of the cultural background lazar. Introduce the sociocultural lesson plan model, which is centered on the integration of proficiency, literacy and culture oriented learning outcomes. Timelines, pictures, and diagrams all fall into the category of visual aids. Keeping it in the target language university of nebraska. A critical analysis of cultural content in efl materials.

If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the faq by clicking the link above. However, the native instructors presumptions cause intolerance and underestimation of the host culture. The importance of incorporating the target culture in. Therefore, teaching materials tm should include elements of culture. Namely, a focus on the learners own culture, the target language culture of the. English language learning ell websites and digital resources have been recognized as an important source of linguistic and cultural knowledge for english as a foreign language efl learners to explore. Target language teachingenglish british council bbc. Three basic types of materials can be used in language textbooks, according to cortazzi and jin 1999. With regard to recent views of culture teaching in the foreign language classroom, culture does not need to be dealt independently of language because studying language directly brings about awareness of the target culture and peoples behavior in that target culture.

Evaluation of english teaching and learning materials in. Culture choice board for foreign language classroom by target. Although an explanation is often necessary, it also needs support. We are two masters qualified efl teachers and, between us, we have over thirty odd years of teaching experience under our belts. Students can pick and choose their activities based on the options provide. The teacher can draw a diagram or timeline on the board to highlight how to use the target language. During most of our teaching careers we have been preparing students for trinity college london exams, from gese to ise and sew, and our candidates have always been very successful in the exams. Whether culture of the target language is to be incorporated into.

On the other hand, the use of target culture is believed to be able to solve the problem teachers face when using homelanguage culture. She states that language in relation with context of communication. Teaching email politeness in the eflesl classroom elt. Whenever teaching a new language has not been accompanied by teaching the. English learning websites and digital resources from the. Culture is relevant to information with regard to the targetforeign culture, including music, dance, human beings. These materials and methods, as mckay 2003 makes clear both have differing and important impacts of language acquisition.

If you are considering using tall tales to enrich the experience of the target language and culture in your esl efl classrooms, this pack is for you. Discuss the creation of a learning community dedicated to promoting more culture and literacyenriched language teaching practices. In the classroom efl materials tend to be written for learners either studying english in their own country or on a short course in an englishspeaking country. To illustrate, the cultural content of an efl textbook for turkey, spotlight on english by dede and emre 1988, is primarily turkish. Here youll find classroom materials suitable for a wide range of subjects and grade levels, thousands of lesson plans, teaching activities, ondemand video assets, and interactive games and simulations. Selecting the english translation of modern japanese. Based on the researches in this field, a framework is developed for the. On the other hand, the use of target culture is believed to be able to solve the problem teachers face when using home language culture. Targetlanguage culture in efl materials cem alptekin.

For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or. Doc cultural content and illustrations in elt materials for. Regarding the analysis of the semistructured interviews, it was found that both teachers and students indicated that learning about the targetlanguage culture was important. Moreover, the paper will address the difficulties and challenges in teaching cultural materials outside of the english speaking countries. Elt materials, evaluation, cultural content, illustrations, multilingual. Many texts addressing cultural content are limited to offering overt, tourist culture or teaching abstract and irrelevant facts which are often presented with bias and consequently do little more than reinforce stereotypes. The use of target language refers to all that learners say, read, hear, write, and view production and reception of language on the part of learners, educators, and materials.

Introduction the dialectical connection between language and culture has always been a concern of l2 teachers and educators. One way to remedy the two aforementioned issues is that the teachers using this series can think of other substitute exercises to solve the problem. The results show that the role of culture in teaching english as a foreign language is significant. In this download you can find a lesson to help students prepare for trinitys gese 7 exam and the national customs subject area. Target language definition of target language by the. Second language learners divergence from target language. In addition, the use of authentic materials at the intercultural level is argued to not. For her, the best one is international target language materials, which supposedly covers a variety of knowledge from different cultures all over the world using the target language mckay, pp. Inclusion of target language culture in efl classrooms in. Other theorists such as prodromou 1988 and alptekin 1993 have focused on the use of the target language culture as a vehicle for teaching the language in textbooks and suggest that it. Efl includes short summer courses in an englishspeaking country, such as the uk, canada or the us.

The use of targetlanguage cultural contents in efl teaching yichun liu. Robinson1985, cited in ariffin, 2009 suggests the use of reading materials emphasizing the target language culture to help. Culture, however, is not a static whole as it affects many aspects of life in a community. This assignment includes four different culture choice boards for the spanish classroom. With respect to the main obstacles facing teachers in developing cultural awareness in efl classrooms, the findings made it clear that shortage of time is a critical concern. Systemic knowledge refers to the formal properties of langu. As most language learning contexts are limited to the classroom environment and communication opportunities with members of the target language community. How we measure reads a read is counted each time someone. The target language is the language learners are studying, and also the individual items of language that they want to learn, or the teacher wants them to learn. The use of targetlanguage cultural contents in efl teaching. We distinguish cultural content from cultural medium, or, as we will call it. What materials and strategies do efl teachers use to promote intercultural.

Actfl recommends that learning take place through the target language for 90% or more of classroom time except in immersion program models where the target language. The tesol guidelines for developing efl standards 3 it is, however, beyond this document to discuss how culture or cultural segments affect and shape teachers beliefs and, vice versa, how ones teaching reflects those beliefs in different cultures. In class, they regularly sent students to a city in a target culture for example, to spend a weekend in new york city through prepared taskbased activities using authentic materials. Method two provides added support, thereby making the target language clearer. Principles and procedures of materials development for. The importance of incorporating the target culture in english. The tesol guidelines for developing efl professional. Pdf targetlanguage culture in efl materials researchgate. An analysis of textbooks from a cultural point of view language and culture are interrelated. Authentic materials and cultural content in efl classrooms.

What do we mean by culture in the efl classroom and why do we need it. In terms of teaching and learning, the result is that these connections matter for both populations of students, regardless of whether or not they speak the target language or how well they speak it. Targetlanguage culture in efl materials article pdf available. Findings indicated that cultural responsiveness was considered to be constructed through time, and a necessity of orientation process was emphasized. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.